Ngā Pūrongo - He aha ngā tawhā e hiahiatia ana kia aro turukihia i roto i te wai para o te whare?

https://www.boquinstruments.com/news/what-parameters-require-monitoring-in-domestic-wastewater/

Ko te wai para o te whare e pā ana ki te wai kua whakamahia i puta mai i ngā mahi kāinga me ngā mahi tūmatanui, tae atu ki ngā tukunga mai i ngā whare, ngā whare noho, ngā kura, ngā hōhipera, me ngā whare arumoni. Ko te tikanga he wai hina (hei tauira, mai i te kaukau, te horoi kakahu, me ngā totohu o te kīhini) me te wai pango (hei tauira, te wai para o te wharepaku), ā, kei roto he ranunga matatini o ngā mea rauropi, ngā matūkai, ngā moroiti mate, ngā totoka iri, me ngā poke matū a te tangata. Ko te nui o te kawenga rauropi e tautoko ana i te tere o te tipu o ngā huakita me ngā mate urutā; ki te tukuna atu kāore i te rongoātia, ka puta he mōrearea nui - tae atu ki te tuku i ngā mate wai - ā, ka mōrearea te hauora o te iwi me te oranga taiao. He tino kaha tēnei wero i roto i ngā whenua iti me te waenga-moni whiwhi, i te mea he maha ngā hanganga koretake ka puta he tukunga tika o te wai para kore i te rongoātia, ka whakanui ake i te kino o te taiao me ngā taumahatanga hauora o te iwi. Nō reira, he mea nui te maimoatanga pakari i mua i te tukunga hei tiaki i te kounga o te wai. Heoi, he rerekē te whai huatanga o te maimoatanga puta noa i ngā rohe: ko ngā whenua whiwhi nui te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahi i ngā pūnaha maimoatanga matatau, maha-wāhanga me te tirotiro ture pakari, engari he maha ngā whenua whakawhanake e raru ana ki ngā here i roto i te kaha hangarau, ngā rauemi pūtea, me ngā anga whakahaere. I mua i te maimoatanga, he mea nui te whakaahuatanga whānui o te wai para – mā roto i ngā tawhā tātari paerewa – mō te hoahoa i ngā rautaki maimoatanga tika, te aromatawai i te mahinga o te tukanga, me te whakamōhio i ngā kaupapa here whakahaere rauemi wai puta noa i te ao e ahu mai ana i ngā taunakitanga.

https://www.boquinstruments.com/online-uv-cod-bod-toc-sensor-product/

I roto i ngā tawhā matua, ko te hauota haukini (NH₃–N) te mea nui rawa atu. Koinei te tapeke o te kukū o te haukini kore utu kua rewa (NH₃) me ngā katote haukini (NH₄⁺), e ahu mai ana i ngā paru tangata me ngā kai horoi kei roto he hauota. Ko ngā taumata NH₃–N teitei ka whai wāhi ki te eutrophication, ka whakaoho i te puāwaitanga o te rimurimu e whakaiti ana i te hāora rewa, ā, ka whakararu i te kanorau koiora wai. Heoi anō, he tino paitini te haukini kāore i te ionitia ki ngā ika me ngā rauropi wai tairongo, ka taea te whakararu i te hanganga me te mahi o te rauropi. I ngā whenua whai rawa nui, ka aroturukitia tonutia te NH₃–N i raro i ngā paerewa kounga wai ā-motu mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tātari kua whakamanahia (hei tauira, te colorimetry, ngā irahiko whiriwhiri-ioni rānei), ka taea ai te whakahaere parahanga whai hua. He rerekē, kei te mau tonu ngā āputa aroturuki i roto i te maha o ngā rohe whakawhanake nā te iti o te urunga atu ki ngā taputapu kua whakatikatikaina, ngā kaimahi whakangungua, me ngā tikanga tiaki pumau—ina koa i ngā wāhi e tere haere ana te noho tāone nui i te wā e nui ake ai te whakaputanga wai para i te whanaketanga hanganga. Nō reira, ko te NH₃–N he tohu nui mō te kaha o te parahanga me te ine nui mō te aromatawai i te mōrearea taiao me te whai huatanga o te maimoatanga.

Ko te pH tētahi atu tawhā matua e hiahia ana kia aromatawaihia. E tautuhia ana ko te logarithm kino o te ngohe katote hauwai, e whakaata ana te pH i te toenga waikawa-pūtake o te wai para, ā, i te nuinga o te wā kei waenga i te 6.5 me te 8.5 i roto i ngā puna whare, e pāngia ana e ngā hopi horoi, ngā para kai, me ngā tukunga tahi a ngā ahumahi. Ka taea e ngā rerekētanga i waho o tēnei awhe te aukati i ngā tukanga maimoatanga koiora (hei tauira, te nitrification), te waikura i ngā hanganga kawe, me te pā kino ki ngā koiora wai. Wā-tūturuTe aroturuki i te pHka taea te arotau hihiri i ngā mahi maimoatanga—pērā i te inenga matū me te whakahaere hauhautanga—i roto i ngā taiao whai rawa. I tua atu, ko te ine pH wā-poto, kore rānei i roto i ngā horopaki he iti ngā rauemi, ka whai wāhi ki te kounga para koretake. Nō reira, ko ngā raraunga pH pono ehara i te mea anake e tautoko ana i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga ā-rohe engari e tautoko ana hoki i ngā whāinga whānui o te haumarutanga wai whakawhiti-rohe me ngā pūnaha akuaku ātete-āhuarangi.

https://www.boquinstruments.com/new-online-phorp-meter-product/

He mea nui anō hoki te kukū o te hāora rewa (DO), inā koa i roto i ngā wai e whiwhi ana me ngā wāhanga maimoatanga hau. Ko te DO e whakaata ana i te kaha o ngā wai ki te pupuri i te mahi moroiti hau me te pure i ngā poke waro. Ko ngā taumata DO iti e tohu ana i te ngoikore o te hāora—he maha ngā wā e pā ana ki te uta nui o te waro—ā, ka puta pea he āhuatanga hypoxic, anoxic rānei e kino ana ki te oranga wai. Ahakoa he iti ake te ine i te DO *i roto i ngā wai para o te whare mata* (he anaerobic te tikanga), ko tōna aroturukitanga i roto i ngā para kua tukatukahia me ngā wai mata o raro he mea nui mō te aromatawai mōrearea taiao me te pūrongo ture.

Nā te pikinga ake o te nui o ngā wai para o te kāinga puta noa i te ao kua kaha ake ngā pānga ki te taiao me te hauora. Ko te tukunga kore whakahaere ki roto i ngā awa, ngā roto, me ngā puna wai ka whakararu i te haumaru o te wai inu, ka whakaiti i ngā ratonga rauropi, ā, ka whakararu i te ahunga whakamua ki te Whāinga Whakawhanake Tauwhiro 6 (Wai Ma me te Akuaku). Ko ngā rerekētanga o te whakatinanatanga ture, te whakaurunga hangarau, me te kaha aroturuki ka nui ake te whakararu i ēnei wero. Nō reira, ko te tautuhi i ngā wai para auau, paerewa, me te whakaatu i te āhua o te wai para he mahi tūāpapa mō te aukati i te parahanga, te whakahaere urutau, me te whakahaere wai tika.

https://www.boquinstruments.com/industrial-phorp-meter/

Ko te ine tika me te wā tika i ngā tawhā e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā taputapu tātari pakari, e tika ana mō te kaupapa. Ka tukuna e ngā tātari kounga wai hou ngā inenga tika, ka taea te tāruarua, me te whai - e āwhina ana i te whakatau whakatau e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga mō ngā ratonga, ngā kaiwhakahaere, me ngā umanga rangahau. Ko ngā tauira whakatinanatanga o te ao e whakaata ana i ngā kaha ā-rohe: kei te piki haere te whakamahi a ngā whenua whai rawa nui i ngā pūoko aunoa, ipurangi kua whakauruhia ki ngā papaaho mamati, i te mea ko ngā otinga utu-whai hua, kawe, me te iti o te tiaki te mea nui i roto i ngā ōhanga e puta ake ana. Kei te tuku a Shanghai Boqiao Instrument Co., Ltd. i tētahi kohinga whānui o ngā pūoko whaimanangā tātaritanga kounga waii hangaia mō te aroturuki i ngā wai para o roto. He tino tika te ine o ā rātou taputapu, he māmā ake te tāutanga me te whakahaere, he pumau mō te wā roa, me te utu whakataetae mō te huringa ora—kua whakamanahia mā te whakatinanatanga puta noa i te neke atu i te 100 whenua. Mā te whakatairanga i ngā hangarau aroturuki e wātea ana, e taea te mahi tahi, ā, e tika ana mō te pūtaiao—me te whakatairanga i te mahi tahi o te ao mō te whakataurite tikanga me te hanga kaha—ka taea e te hapori o te ao te whakapakari i te whakahaere wai para, te tiaki i ngā rauropi wai māori, me te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga tauwhiro whānui.